These authors tested 7 cadaveric shoulders to elucidate the function of the superior shoulder capsule. They compared 3 conditions: (1) intact superior capsule, (2) after detaching the superior capsule from the greater tuberosity (tear model), and (3) after complete removal of the superior capsule from the greater tuberosity to the superior glenoid (defect model).
They concluded that the superior shoulder capsule plays an important role in passive stability of the glenohumeral joint. A defect in the superior capsule increased glenohumeral translations in all directions.
Comment: Based on the classic work of Harryman et al and reinforced by this study, we use rotator interval plication to help stabilize the humeral head at shoulder arthroplasty when there is a tendency for posterior subluxation.
At surgery it is of interest to place the suture for a rotator interval plication, but before tying them, to posteriorly translate the humeral head. The interval opens with this posterior translation. When the sutures are tied, the posterior translation is eliminated.
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